Moreover, it evaluated the software accuracy, precision, confounder influence, and variability between software. ☑ This study investigated the usage of digitizing software in QSP and PBPK modeling. ☑ In quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, data digitizer becomes a valuable tool to translate literature data from a graphical representation into numerical values. WHAT IS THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE TOPIC?.However, because the greatest pitfall comes from pre-existing errors, we recommend always making published data available as raw values. Our findings suggest that data digitizing is precise and important. Analysis of 181 literature peak plasma concentration values revealed a considerable discrepancy between reported and post hoc digitized data with 85% having ζ > 5%. Although significant, no relevant confounders were found (mean ζ ± SD circles = 0.69% ± 0.68% vs. Accuracy, precision, confounder influence, and variability were investigated using scaled median symmetric accuracy (ζ), thus finding excellent accuracy (mean ζ = 0.99%). To quantify their relevance, a literature search revealed a remarkable mean increase of 16% per year in publications citing digitizing software together with QSP or PBPK. The newspaper said it determined the numbers were real by contacting the credit card owners, at least one of whom also confirmed that she had used it to shop online at CD Universe.In quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, data digitizing is a valuable tool to extract numerical information from published data presented as graphs. The hacker e-mailed the Times the numbers for 198 credit cards as proof of the theft. When he was rebuffed, he said, he began posting the numbers on another Web site, called Maxus Credit Card Pipeline, on Christmas Day. In the e-mail he sent to the Times, the hacker said he sent a fax to the company last month offering to destroy his credit card files in exchange for $100,000. But this is not the same thing as a hole being used to steal the credit cards in the first place." "He claimed that he was able to use the ICVerify software to take a charge from one account and credit it to a different credit card - basically doing a money transfer. "He was not very clear on what the security problem was," Levy told MSNBC. Levy said the intruder claimed to have obtained the database containing the credit card numbers by using a security hole in ICVerify, the credit card processing application. The FBI is investigating the theft and attempted extortion, and the company, CD Universe, said it was advising customers that their credit card data could have been compromised.Įlias Levy of, a computer security firm that received e-mail from the "cracker" - the term preferred by law-abiding computer hackers for those who put their skills to criminal use - alerting it to the existence of the Web site, said approximately 25,000 of the stolen numbers were posted before the site was shut down. The intruder, who claims to have plundered 300,000 credit card numbers from an Internet music retailer's computers, posted thousands of numbers on a Web page after failing to force the company to pay him $100,000. The heist sent shockwaves through the e-commerce world over the weekend. The site he set up to hand out stolen card information was shut down over the weekend, but a writer identifying himself as the thief told NBC he'll open up a new site "soon." In a separate note to MSNBC, the same writer hinted part of his motivation was to criticize e-commerce companies that don't do enough to preserve users' privacy. "Maxus," aka "Maxim," claims to have stolen 300,000 credit card files from online music retailer CD Universe. An e-mail author claiming to be the thief who released as many as 25,000 stolen credit card numbers earlier this month told NBC News he'll soon start distributing more card numbers on a new Web site.
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